lungren



(No Model.)

C. M. LUNGRBN.

INGANDESGENT GAS LIGHT. Y N0.v367,534. Patented Aug. 2, 1887.

, Z'Uizs'es: v iz-gew?? I t u wwf/5M L! 75%@ UNITED STATES CHARLES M. LUNGREN,

PATENT OFFICE.

OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

INCAN DESCENT GAS-LIGHT.

SPECIFICATION forming peut of Letters Patent No. 367,534, dated August 2, 1881.

Application filed December 26, i885. Seria! No. 186,699. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be itk nown that I, GrmRLEs M. LUNGREN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Incandescent Gas- Lights, of which the following is a specification.

Before my invention a wire of metal had been applied above a gas-j et to spread the gas and promote the luminosity of an ordinary gas-flame, and a wire of platina had been rendered incandescent by a non-luminous ilame, and in some cases the non-luminous flame had been directed upon a cylinder of lime orsimilar material.

My invention relates to the employment of the refractory oxides or earths-such as lime, magnesia, zirconia, and the like-in a iilamentary form as the lightgiving organ in an incandescent gasburner. Such ilamentary body is placed in such a position in a gasjet as to become intensely hot a'nd luminous un der the action of a nonluminous gas-flame, so that the light results from the incandescence of the refractory material, and not from the flame itself. By this improvement the nonluminous gas produced from anthracite coal and similar material is available for illuminating purposes. i

Ordin-ary illu minating-gas, or any combustible vapor mixed with a proper amount of air to render it non-luminous, may, however, be also used for raising the iilamentary body to incandcscenoc.

A method of preparing the flamcntary body which I have found satisfactory consists in forming a plastic mass of any of the aforesaid substances or mixtures of them by kneading them with a mucilaginous binding ,material and then obtaining` filaments from this mass by expressing the material through a die. 'Ihese are then, while still plastic, bent into the desired shape and dried. After the filaments have been shaped and dried they should be burned to render them compact and enable them to withstand the heat of the iiame in which they are brought to incandeseence; otherwise they are liable to warp and crack when placed in the lame rIlhis may be done by subjecting them to a high heat in a mold in a blast-furnace or by heating them directly in a gas-flame, the heating being continued until they are strong and have no longer any tendency to warp or crack. It is better to raise them in this heating operation to a higher temperature than. that at which they are to be used, and, if desired, the heat may be carried to the full temperature of the oxyhydrogenflame. In the burning themucilaginous binding material is burned out, and the ,filamentary body becomes strong and durable. Such iilamcnts may be used in a variety of ways in combination with gas-burners; They may be straight or. curved, and any desired number may be grouped together in a dame. They may also be coiled into the form of a spiral or in any other desired shape. In the drawings I have shown two forms in which such filaments may be used but itis to be understood that I do not limit myself to these forms.

In the present drawings, AFigure l is au ele ration of a ilat-tlame burner, and Fig. 2 the same in a plane at right angles to that ofFig. l. In these figures Ads a burner, and aa asmall metal holder for the end of the bow-shaped iilament. C and B areincandescing filaments placed in the ilame. D is a glass or porcelain chimney1 or shade placed around the flame, so that drafts of air will notdivert it from the filaments.

Fig. 3 is a plan of a triangular burner, in which three flat llames form the sides of the prism. Each ilame has one or more filaments, B. \Vithin the triangle ajet-tube for asmall subsidiary ilame is provided, the gas-cock being constructed with two ways,so that when the fiat flames are turned oif this smallj et is lighted, Y

and when the former are turned on thisjet is extinguished after lighting the flat dames.

Fig. et shows an Argand gas-burner in which theincandcscing organ is in the form of aeoil, which may be supported in any convenient man nenas by arms from a center post, as shown. I do not claim in this application the broad invention of a tlamentary body of refractory earth, as that invention forms the subject of another application filed by me, Serial No. 17a-,23%.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. In an incandescent gas-light apparatus, the combination of a gas-burner and a fila- IOO mentary body of refractory earth placed So as Signed ab Philadelphia7 in the county of to be rendered neamleseentby the llame, Sub- Ihiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, this 1o stantially as speciied. 22d day of December, A. D. 1835.

2. In au incandescent gaslight apparatus T T 5 the combination of a gas-burner and a Scric CHARLES M' IJLDGREN' or group of filaments of refractory earth placed \Vitnesses: so as to berendered incandescent by the gas- XVM. H. CAPEL,

flame, substantial] y as specified. ALBERT XV. COX. 

